Dear Muammar, by all means take Silvio with you on your way out:
"Rome - Silvio Berlusconi has sought to strengthen Italy's ties with nearby Libya by cultivating a close personal friendship with Moamer Gaddafi. But the Italian premier's strategy could yet backfire in the wake of the popular uprising in the North African country.
Berlusconi this week followed other European leaders in condemning the brutal repression of anti-government protesters by Libya"
Italy has a long history in Libya. Hell, they even named the country, which was prior an Italian colony known as Italian North Africa. Gaddafi rose to power under later British occupation, but kept a close relationship with Italy - and especially Silvio in recent years. Gaddafi is a criminal and a dictator who should have been overthrown long ago, had it not been for Western interests - especially those involving oil - he likely would have been.
On Berlusconi and His Past
Silvio Berlusconi, a less obvious dictator - but a criminal with political power nevertheless - has been "elected" to office under various questionable circumstances four times. It probably helps too that he owns most of the major media in Italy and has at his disposal contacts he had made during his Propaganda Due (P2) years, including his pals in the Mafia (on more about P2 and the mafia, read Excellent Cadavers: The Mafia and the Death of the First Italian Republic by Alexander Stille), and individuals who would later play a large role in the lead up to the US war on Iraq. Below is an excerpt from my good friend Craig Unger's excellent article on Iraq pre-war intelligence cooking, specifically the Niger forgeries:
"Because Italy emerged from World War II with a strong Communist Party, domestic politics had elements of a civil war, explains Guido Moltedo, editor of Europa, a center-left daily in Italy. That meant ultra-conservative Cold Warriors battled the Communists not just electorally but through undercover operations in the intelligence world. “In addition to the secret service, SISMI, there was another, informal, parallel secret service,” Moltedo says. “It was known as Propaganda Due.”
Led by a neo-Fascist named Licio Gelli, Propaganda Due, with its penchant for exotic covert operations, was the stuff of conspiracy fantasies—except that it was real. According to The Sunday Times of London, until 1986 members agreed to have their throats slit and tongues cut out if they broke their oaths. Subversive, authoritarian, and right-wing, the group was sometimes referred to as the P-2 Masonic Lodge because of its ties to the secret society of Masons, and it served as the covert intelligence agency for militant anti-Communists. It was also linked to Operation Gladio, a secret paramilitary wing in NATO that supported far-right military coups in Greece and Turkey during the Cold War.
In 1981 the Italian Parliament banned Propaganda Due, and all secret organizations in Italy, after an investigation concluded that it had infiltrated the highest levels of Italy’s judiciary, parliament, military, and press, and was tied to assassinations, kidnappings, and arms deals around the world. But before it was banned, P-2 members and their allies participated in two ideologically driven international black-propaganda schemes that foreshadowed the Niger Embassy job 20 years later."
<snip>
"In 1981, P-2 was outlawed and police raided the home of its leader, Licio Gelli. Authorities found a list of nearly a thousand prominent public figures in Italy who were believed to be members. Among them was a billionaire media mogul who had not yet entered politics—Silvio Berlusconi."
Berlusconi, Niger Forgeries and the Iraq War
Incidentally, it was through chasing down the Niger forgeries story that I ended up on the Plame-Wilson story. Ironically, P2 and Gladio (the best book to read on this is NATO's Secret Armies: Operation GLADIO and Terrorism in Western Europe by Daniele Ganser) been my pet projects for years. Old Silvio was a member of P2 as was his later head of SISMI (Italian intelligence agency akin to the CIA), Nicolo Pollari. Pollari and Berlusconi allegedly (wink wink) helped Bush and Cheney "fix the facts around the policy" for war in Iraq:
In a 2005 article in the newspaper La Repubblica [Polarri] was identified by investigative reporters Giuseppe D'Avanzo and Carlo Bonini, as has having brought the discredited documents at the center of the Yellowcake forgery scandal directly to Vice-President Dick Cheney's Office of Special Plans, bypassing the CIA, who knew the documents were forgeries.
They even helped set the stage for what the Neo-cons hoped would be a second phase (post-Iraq) war with Iran. From one of my articles on this sordid mess:
"According to several intelligence sources on both sides of the Atlantic, the tale that "Ali" tells Weldon and others was as intricate as it was false.
"Ali provided information that indicated Iranian intelligence had sent a team to Baghdad to extract highly enriched uranium (weapons grade) from a stockpile hidden by Saddam Hussein," one intelligence source said.
Ali asserted that an Iranian intelligence team had infiltrated Iraq prior to the start of the war and stole enriched uranium to use in their own nuclear weapons program, sources say.
Ghorbanifar said "the team successfully extracted the stockpile but on the way back to Iran contracted radiation poisoning," one source remarked."
This was debunked by the CIA and on the ground by then-Paris station chief Bill Murray, who told me that:
"I met with the source, found that he was not credible, forwarded the information he gave us to Washington, where it was thoroughly analyzed by many people and found not to add anything new to what we knew about Iran. The sensational charges that the source made could not be substantiated."
And where were all of these allegations coming from? From several meetings in Rome that took place in December 2001. The attendants included Nicolo Pollari, who I found out was there from another person who attended, Michael Ledeen.
See the following additional articles I did on this:
My point is, that Gaddafi is an obvious monster and hopefully on his way out of Libya. But Berlusconi is an avowed pro-fascist, who has had a hand in maintaining Gadaffi as dictator over the last decade and who has helped the Bush administration drag the United States into an endless war of aggression in Iraq. Silvio's "chumminess" with Gadaffi should be his downfall - but then again, or so should have many of his crimes have been.